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Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh

Esophageal Carcinoma

Prof. Sushma Agrawal

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4 Enroled Students

5.0 (1 Review)

About the Course

Esophageal carcinoma is a malignant tumor arising from the esophageal mucosa and is a major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. The two main histological types are squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Major risk factors include tobacco and alcohol use, achalasia, caustic injury, and Barrett’s esophagus. The most common presenting symptom is progressive dysphagia, often associated with weight loss and retrosternal discomfort. Diagnosis is established by upper GI endoscopy with biopsy, followed by imaging for staging. Treatment depends on stage and tumor location and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or combined chemoradiation. Radiotherapy plays an important role in neoadjuvant, definitive, and palliative treatment. Early diagnosis and appropriate multidisciplinary management improve outcomes.